Some really important omissions here, as I think some of these are possibly the best freeware in their field(s).
Avira AntiVir PersonalEdition Classic - freeware antivirus, better then AVG and Avast (not knocking them, but they're "good for being free" which isn't quite as good as the paid ones), but the catch is, once per day it'll display a nag screen as it updates itself. Well worth it for better protection, imo. Using it right now on Vista x64 Ultimate.
CDBurnerXP - CD / DVD burning software. One of the rare free programs that looks and feels as richly made as the better paid ones. I dropped Nero for this a couple of years ago, and it works great in Vista x64 (runs on .Net framework which you must install first, if you don't already have it).
xplorer2 - file manager / windows explorer replacement - two-pane FTP-style file management.
FastStone Image Viewer - Remember the old ACDSee before it became huge and bloated, and when you still loved it? This is just like that.
FileZilla - The most well-rounded (free) FTP client for Vista that I know of. There's a 64-bit one in the works, I hear, but this works fine as-is on Vista x64.
Gadwin PrintScreen - if SnagIt was free also, I'd still like Gadwin's better. A very elegant program that will make people actually use the Print Screen button again!
Recuva - undelete software from the same folks as CCleaner. I've used it and it works nicely.
Exact Audio Copy - the mother of all CD-rippers works great in Vista x64 (you'll have to download the
LAME encoder to plug into it, also, if it's not already on your drive somewhere).
Trillian Basic - Multi-client instant messanger that connects to AIM, ICQ, MSN, Yahoo Messenger, and IRC. Skinnable too.
VideoLAN (or VLC) - Lots of people swear by this so I included it, but it's only 2ed favorite video player. See...
Combined Community Codec Pack (or CCCP) - imo the best video player (media player classic) + codec pack available, but that's just me. Try them both.
That's pretty much it for now.
VideoSpin - I'm a noob at video editing, but basically, from what I understand, this is the "easy one" and
VirtualDub is the more advanced one. Again, this is not my area of knowledge...I do simple edits of .avi files from our digital camera and that's it. Maybe a real video editing geek can add something to this and correct me if needed.
Enjoy.